Guidelines for Approval to Commence the Open Distance and Flexible e-Learning Programme (ODFeL) in TVET Institutions

1. Overview of ODFeL

Recognizing that Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) is vital to Nigeria’s technological advancement and global competitiveness, the National Board for Technical Education (NBTE) initiated the Open, Distance, and Flexible e-Learning (ODFeL) model in 2016. This initiative was introduced to expand access to tertiary education, given the limited carrying capacity of conventional institutions compared to the increasing demand for TVET opportunities.

 

2. Policy and Strategic Framework

To ensure effective implementation, NBTE developed the National TVET Policy and Strategy on ODFeL in 2018, which provides a structured framework for ODFeL operations across Nigerian TVET institutions. In 2021, NBTE approved the full-scale rollout of ODFeL, marking a transformative milestone in integrating digital learning pathways into TVET delivery.

3. Nature and Structure of ODFeL

ODFeL differs fundamentally from traditional, classroom-based instruction. It is a learner-centred model designed to accommodate various learner types, visual, auditory, kinesthetic, and peer-oriented, who may not be able to attend regular, full-time programmes.

Key characteristics of ODFeL include:

  • Separation of teachers and learners across time and/or space.

  • Utilization of multimedia and digital platforms for instructional delivery.

  • Two-way communication, including periodic face-to-face tutorials and practical sessions.

  • ICT-enabled access to TVET learning opportunities for remote students, including secondary school leavers.

Currently, NBTE operates a 70:30 delivery ratio, with 70% of instruction provided online and 30% dedicated to in-person practical sessions and examinations.

4. Quality Assurance and Monitoring

To ensure quality, consistency, and accountability, NBTE has developed a Standard and Accreditation Tool that provides benchmarks for establishing and maintaining ODFeL Centres and programmes. In addition, a robust Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) Framework has been instituted to:

  • Track institutional performance,

  • Ensure compliance with national ODFeL standards, and

  • Drive continuous improvement across participating TVET institutions.

5. Requirements for ODFeL Accreditation

Institutions intending to operate ODFeL programmes are required to meet the following criteria:

  • Demonstrated Digital Literacy capacity among staff and students.

  • Completion of the Online ODFeL Course offered by NBTE.

  • Participation in NBTE-approved Capacity Building Programmes, covering:

i. Introduction to the ODFeL mode (learner-centred approach)
ii. Competency-Based Assessment (CBA)
iii. Standard and Accreditation Tools
iv.Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) practices
v. Development and use of Approved Courseware

6. Competency-Based Assessment (CBA) and Computer-Based Testing (CBT)

ODFeL assessment aligns with NBTE’s Competency-Based Education and Training (CBET) approach. This model emphasizes practical demonstration of skills, applied knowledge, and measurable learning outcomes rather than rote memorization.

  • CBET Framework:

    • Focuses on mastery of occupational standards and job-related competencies.

    • Encourages formative assessments through assignments, project work, and performance-based evaluation.

    • Ensures learners can do as well as know.

 

  • CBT Implementation:

    • All ND I and HND I ODFeL students will undertake Computer-Based Tests (CBT) for theoretical components.

    • CBT promotes objective assessment, enhances efficiency, and provides instant feedback to learners.

    • Practical and vocational competencies will continue to be evaluated through physical assessments and supervised practical sessions within accredited centres.

7. Expression of Interest

Institutions seeking to implement ODFeL are required to submit an Expression of Interest (EOI) letter addressed to the Executive Secretary, National Board for Technical Education (NBTE). The letter should be delivered to the NBTE Headquarters in Kaduna or any of the Board's Zonal Offices. Alternatively, a copy may be sent via email to: es@nbte.gov.ng and copy coe.tvet@nbte.gov.ng

es@nbte.gov.ng and copy coe.tvet@nbte.gov.ng

8. Technical and Infrastructure Requirements

Institutions must demonstrate readiness in the following areas:

  • A robust Learning Management System (LMS) for seamless course delivery, tracking, and assessment.

  • Active E-Library subscription to support digital learning resources.

  • Payment of a Processing Fee of ₦250,000 per programme.

 

9. Approved ODFeL Programmes

NBTE currently approves ODFeL delivery for the following National Diploma (ND) programmes:

 

1. ND Accountancy

2. ND Business Administration

3. ND Computer Science

4. ND Science Laboratory Technology (SLT)

5. ND Procurement and Supply Chain Management

6. ND Estate Management

7. ND Quantity Surveying

8. ND Marketing

9. ND Building Technology

10. ND Agricultural Technology

11. ND Library and Information Science (LIS)

12. ND Mass Communication

13. ND Public Administration